Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that disproportionately affects women, both in terms of its prevalence and its impact compared to individuals of other genders.

The primary symptoms of PCOS include heavy menstrual bleeding and excessive body hair growth. Beyond these signs, the condition can result in fertility challenges and various other health complications.

What Is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a disorder that impacts women in their years, is defined by the development of cysts on the ovaries along with irregular menstrual cycles and elevated androgen levels. 

When Does Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Typically Start to Manifest in Women?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) begins at puberty or shortly afterward. Many women will not start to begin manifesting symptoms until they reach their 20s or 30s. However, some may experience early signs during their teenage years, including irregular periods, weight gain, or excessive hair growth.

The timing and severity of symptoms can vary significantly among individuals, with some women facing more pronounced challenges earlier in life.

Symptoms and Causes of PCOS

Signs of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): What to Look Out For?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that impacts women's lives in various ways and has a range of symptoms associated with it.

Here’s an overview of the typical signs linked to PCOS:

• Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Women with PCOS often experience irregular periods, occurring fewer than eight times a year or lasting longer than seven days. In some cases, individuals may not have periods at all.
• Excessive Bleeding: Heavy menstrual bleeding can lead to anemia due to significant blood loss.
• Hirsutism: This refers to excessive hair growth in areas typically associated with male-pattern hair distribution, such as the face, chest, and abdomen.
• Severe Acne: Acne is often prevalent on the face, chest, and back, resulting from hormonal imbalances.
• Hair Thinning or Hair Loss: Women with PCOS may experience thinning hair or bald spots on the scalp, leading to reduced volume.
• Acanthosis Nigricans: This condition causes dark patches of skin, often found in areas like the armpits and neck folds.
• Fertility Challenges: PCOS can affect ovulation and fertility, making it more difficult to conceive.
• Increased Risk of Miscarriage: Women with PCOS may have a higher chance of experiencing miscarriage during pregnancy.
• Weight Management Issues: Many individuals with PCOS struggle with weight fluctuations, finding it difficult to lose or maintain weight.
• Mood Changes: Feelings of sadness, anxiety, and mood swings are common among women dealing with PCOS.
• Sleep Apnea: PCOS may increase the risk of developing sleep apnea, a condition characterized by breathing interruptions during sleep.

It's crucial to remember that not every PCOS-affected lady will have every one of these symptoms. Individual differences can be noted in the range and severity of symptoms.

If you are exhibiting any of the symptoms listed above, it would be best to speak with a healthcare provider in order to receive a proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations.

Is It Possible to Have PCOS Without Experiencing Any Symptoms?

Sometimes, a woman may be diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) without showing any symptoms; PCOS may be only detected when a woman is trying to conceive and facing difficulties getting pregnant.

However, awareness of PCOS and its potential implications is crucial, even in the absence of symptoms, as early intervention can help manage the condition effectively and reduce the risk of long-term health complications.

What Is the Primary Reason Behind PCOS?

The exact reason for PCOS is not clear. It is linked to imbalances in the body of women, where there are typically elevated levels of testosterone and reduced levels of FSH and LH.

Can Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Lead to Pregnancy Loss?

Pregnant women with PCOS have an increased chance of miscarriage compared to those without the condition; however, the overall risk remains low nonetheless. If you are dealing with PCOS and happen to conceive a baby, it is recommended that you schedule a checkup and seek advice from our professionals.

Diagnosis and Tests of PCOS

How Do Doctors Diagnose Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

The diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) does not rely on only one test but involves a series of medical evaluations and tests to confirm the condition's presence:

Pelvic Examination

• Pelvic ultrasound involves exploring the ovaries visually by utilizing sound waves to generate images of the ovaries.
• Checking for formations involves physicians examining the ovaries for the existence of small sac-like structures filled with fluid (cysts), which is a prevalent trait of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
• Assessing the size of the ovaries can also indicate the presence of PCOS when they are enlarged.

Blood Tests for Hormone Levels

• Analysing hormone levels involves using blood tests to measure the concentrations of hormones, such as:
• High levels of testosterone may suggest the presence of PCOS.
• Low levels of luteinizing hormone (known as LH) could indicate the presence of PCOS. 
• The ratio of follicle-stimulating hormone to Luteinizing Hormone can indicate signs of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome when it is low. 
• Evaluating imbalances through these tests can pinpoint irregularities linked to PCOS.

Women's Reproductive Health Background

• Healthcare providers may ask about your menstrual history to learn more, including:
• Irregular menstrual cycles, such as skipped periods, could indicate a sign of PCOS.
• Excessive bleeding or short periods could also be signs of PCOS.
• Experiencing discomfort during menstruation could indicate the presence of PCOS.

Three Symptoms of Diagnosing PCOS

The diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is commonly based on the Rotterdam criteria, which require the presence of at least two out of the following three symptoms:

• Irregular Periods: This includes having fewer than eight menstrual cycles per year or cycles that last longer than 35 days.
• Excess Androgen Production: This may be indicated by symptoms such as acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth), or male-pattern baldness.
• Polycystic Ovaries: This condition can be identified through pelvic ultrasound, which may reveal multiple cysts on the ovaries.

By carefully evaluating these factors, healthcare professionals can accurately diagnose PCOS and recommend appropriate treatment plans tailored to the individual’s needs.

Procedures and Treatments of PCOS

How is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated?

While there is no known cure for PCOS, management strategies would not only help improve significantly on the corresponding symptoms but the quality of life as well. Let's find out what the most common PCOS treatment approaches are:

• Keeping a Healthy Weight: Maintaining the right body weight can help eliminate hormonal disorders and reduce symptoms of PCOS.
• Regular Exercises: Such improvements in body weight can improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, reduce inflammation, and more.
• Dietary Changes: A healthy PCOS diet includes a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to support overall health. In addition, dietary changes can control the symptoms of PCOS. Stress management: Yoga, meditation, or deep breathing may help reduce stress, which impacts hormones.
• Hormonal Therapy: The patient may be treated with medications to normalise hormonal imbalances, reduce androgen secretion, and promote regular menstrual cycles.
• Hormonal Contraceptives: These include birth control pills that can manage irregular periods, help mitigate acne and regulate hormones.
• Insulin Sensitisers: These medications improve their insulin receptors, thereby stabilising blood sugar levels and minimising the production of androgens.
• Anti-Androgens: These medications block the effects of androgens, minimising hair growth, acne, and other symptoms.

Surgical Intervention

• Laparoscopic ovarian drilling: It makes small holes in the ovaries through laser or cauterisation on small cuts in the abdomen. This will help the ovarian cell proliferate and thus improve ovulation and fertility.
• Ovulation induction: A few medications can be used to induce ovulation, thus enabling conception.
• Surgery for infertility: Surgery is still an option for dealing with cases of infertility, such as removing ovarian cysts and repositioning or repairing the tubes.

Please note that the best possible treatment course varies from person to person, depending on the level of their symptoms and personal needs. We need our medical experts to counsel them on the best course of action.

Can Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Disappear? 

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a lasting condition that persists over time but can be managed effectively with treatment to enhance your quality of life. So, make sure to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a personalised management plan.

Prevention of PCOS

Is There a Way to Avoid PCOS or Its Consequences?

You can't stop PCOS directly. You can manage the risk factors and symptoms to the best of your abilities by taking steps:

• Maintain Healthy Weight: Maintaining a healthy weight is essential to prevent PCOS, as it increases the risk factor, so it's important to stay at a healthy weight by following a well-balanced diet and exercising regularly.
• Follow a Nutrient-Rich Die: Make sure to include plenty of foods in your diet, like fruits and veggies, along with grains and lean protein for a healthy eating routine.
• Exercise Regularly:Make sure to work out by incorporating 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise into your daily schedule most days of the week.
• Manage Stress: Dealing with stress is important as it can mess with your hormone balance; try out stress management techniques, like yoga sessions or meditation and simply spend time outside in nature.
• Schedule Regular Check-UpsRegularly seeing our doctors is important as it can lead to the detection of PCOS and effective management of any symptoms that may arise.

When to Consult a Doctor?

It’s important to consult your healthcare provider if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms:

• Irregular or Missed Periods: Irregular or absent menstrual cycles can indicate hormonal imbalances that may affect your overall health. Tracking your cycle and discussing any irregularities with your doctor is crucial for early intervention.
• Excess Hair Growth (Hirsutism): Hirsutism can significantly impact your self-esteem and emotional well-being. It may also signal underlying hormonal issues that require further evaluation and management.
• Acne: Persistent acne can be a frustrating and distressing condition that may not respond to over-the-counter treatments. Discussing your symptoms with a healthcare provider can help identify potential hormonal causes and appropriate treatment options.
• Weight Gain: Unexpected weight gain, especially around the abdomen, can be a sign of insulin resistance or other metabolic issues related to PCOS. A healthcare provider can offer guidance on effective weight management strategies tailored to your needs.

Why Choose Aster Clinics for PCOS Condition?

Our healthcare professionals are dedicated to giving you comprehensive care for women with PCOS. They are focused on diagnosing and managing the symptoms of PCOS so that you can get the right kind of support.

Here are some of the reasons why you must choose Aster Clinics for your PCOS care:

• Experienced Healthcare Professionals: Our specialists possess extensive experience in diagnosing and treating PCOS, ensuring you receive expert guidance throughout your care journey.
• Comprehensive Range of Services: We offer a complete suite of services, including diagnostics, treatments, and ongoing support, to address all aspects of your PCOS management.
• Tailored Treatment Programs: We recognise that every patient has different demands. Together, you and our staff will create a customised treatment plan that meets your unique needs and health objectives.
• State-of-the-Art Facilities: Our clinics are equipped with the latest technology and resources to provide you with the highest standard of care and ensure accurate diagnoses and effective treatments.
• Compassionate Patient Care: We prioritise empathy and understanding, providing you with a supportive environment where you feel valued and cared for throughout your treatment process.